Mild Sensory Stimulation Completely Protects the Adult Rodent Cortex from Ischemic Stroke

Despite progress in reducing ischemic stroke damage, complete protection remains elusive. Here we demonstrate that, after permanent occlusion of a major cortical artery (middle cerebral artery; MCA), single whisker stimulation can induce complete protection of the adult rat cortex, but only if administered within a critical time window. Animals that receive early treatment are histologically and behaviorally equivalent to healthy controls and have normal neuronal function. Protection of the cortex clearly requires reperfusion to the ischemic area despite permanent occlusion. Using blood flow imaging and other techniques we found evidence of reversed blood flow into MCA branches from an alternate arterial source via collateral vessels (inter-arterial connections), a potential mechanism for reperfusion. These findings suggest that the cortex is capable of extensive blood flow reorganization and more importantly that mild sensory stimulation can provide complete protection from impending stroke given early intervention. Such non-invasive, non-pharmacological intervention has clear translational potential

Guidelines for management of ischaemic stroke and transient ischaemic attack 2008

This article represents the update of the European Stroke Initiative Recommendations for Stroke Management. These guidelines cover both ischaemic stroke and transient ischaemic attacks, which are now considered to be a single entity. The article covers referral and emergency management, Stroke Unit service, diagnostics, primary and secondary prevention, general stroke treatment, specific treatment including acute management, management of complications, and rehabilitation

Rhinosporidial infection of the forehead -(report of a case)

A cystic swelling over the right frontal bone above the medial half of the eyebrow in a 37 year old male was found to be caused by Rhinosporidium seeberi. The patient did not have any past or concurrent lesion which could be presumed to be due to Rhino-sporidiosis. The lesion was subcutaneous with overlying healthy skin and had caused erosion of underlying bone

Satisfaction and psychological after effects of legal abortion at a tertiary care teaching hospital of North India

Psychological assessment using the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI) on 196 eligible Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP) seekers showed that the depression rate prior to MTP was 12 (6.1%) and had increased to 21 (10.7%) 1 month after MTP. Risk factors included primipara, second-trimester abortion, MTP on humanitarian grounds (rape), foetal congenital anomalies and maternal illness. Psychological morbidity due to abortion greatly interferes with the interpersonal, spousal and mother–child relationships. This demands the need of counselling centres so that each MTP seeker could be counselled prior to and after MTP.Impact statement What is already known on this subject? The association between abortion and depression has already been established. But there is a scarcity of information about the association between the psychological morbidity of abortion seekers, prior to and after legal abortions at a tertiary hospital. What do the results of this study add? Our study has not only evaluated the depression rate, but also evaluated the various individual psychological parameters of women with mild mood disorders which might go unnoticed and which certainly interferes with their interpersonal relationships. What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? Early diagnosis and interventions could help these women to have sound interpersonal relations